JavaScript

Last updated September 16, 2022.

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There’s also Knowledge/Engineering/Languages/TypeScript.

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First, a brief timeline of JavaScript’s weird module system development:

• 1995: JavaScript was born, but there was no concept of modules which made building complex applications extremely hard. Without modules, a single huge javascript file might be shipped to the user.
• 2009ish: people introduced a module system to take advantage of the code splitting optimisation technique where modules are lazily loaded.
• 2009ish: Node.js was developed and introduced the CommonJS module standard, but this was only usable in server-side environments.
  • 2011: Browserify made it possible to use require in frontend projects.
• 2009ish: the AMD module standard was popularised.
• 2015: ES2015 standardised the ES Modules import/export syntax.

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import(path)

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.. multiplexing tasks over a single thread, which means there is no need for mutexes, semaphores and other concurrency helpers.

an event-looped model is different from a multithreaded model.

When you do use real multithreading in JavaScript (through Web Workers in a browser environment or forking to create child processes in a server environment), you rarely use shared memory, meaning there’s no need to coordinate concurrent access to shared resources.

TODO. Web workers are background threads. They can